The legitimate app, turned malware

There's a story floating around about an Android app, called CamScanner, that started distributing malware out of the blue—after getting more than 100 million installs on the store. The app had a legitimate purpose: helping scan documents, which actually worked for years as advertised, before it turned bad.

When it released the update with the new code, it dropped a trojan on user devices, spamming the phones with advertising and trying to sign up for paid subscriptions in the background. 

The story is probably what you'd expect; Kaspersky antivirus researchers reported this to Google, which swiftly pulled the app from the Play Store entirely. But, there's an obvious question: how does this get up there in the first place?

This spooky malware story is doing the rounds, but it's one of the most common playbooks used by malicious actors in 2019. Find a legitimate app with hundreds of thousands of users, try to buy it for an outrageous sum quietly, keep maintaining it, and slowly inject malicious code over time.

These types of attacks are impossible to detect, and likely extremely lucrative. It reminds me of a side-channel attack on an open source library called Event Stream in 2018, where its maintainer ran out of time and another GitHub user started making legitimate contributions, before injecting malicious code into the tool undetected. 

As it turned out in that case, Event Stream was then trying to steal code from other developers that used it in their systems. Hijacking a legitimate, successful app for nefarious purposes is a great way to quickly infect a bunch of people undetected—I doubt there's much in the way of automated checks that would have helped here.

This incident, however, highlights how poorly app stores—in particular the Play Store on Android—are managing their platforms. While Apple's manual review process tends to catch most malicious apps, Google doesn't require a manual review, and most of the time is caught out later when it needs to retroactively remove an app.

This will soon change for the first time, with Google Play changing to soon require a review process for new developers and those that "don't have a track record yet." Would it prevent this type of attack, later? Probably not—but it should bring the quality of apps on the platform much higher in the first place.

In the meantime, what's an Android user to do? Well, as with any platform, don't download random apps without doing a little research. A few minutes of looking around would quickly show that Google Drive can do what CamScanner does in the first place, anyway—or that there are many legitimate apps that are much higher rated.

TL;DR? Practice common sense online, and don't trust random apps.


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